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Opinion · 04 May 2026

The stablecoin collateral fiction

Reserves disclosed monthly are not reserves verified continuously. The distinction matters more than the industry pretends.

By Prof. James Okonkwo
Professor of Finance · London School of Economics
4 May 2026, 00:00 GMT·8 min read

Every major stablecoin issuer now publishes monthly attestations. A non-trivial fraction of professional investors read these as continuous proof of solvency. They are not. They are a snapshot — and the gap between snapshots is where every historic collateral failure in finance has lived.

What MiCA actually requires

The European Markets in Crypto-Assets regulation mandates daily reserve reporting for significant e-money tokens. The US framework, still in flux, does not. This regulatory arbitrage is now the single largest source of opacity in dollar-denominated stablecoins held by African and Latin American users.

You cannot audit what you only observe once a month.

A modest proposal

Stablecoin issuers serving emerging-market corridors should commit to real-time reserve attestation via on-chain proof-of-reserves backed by a regulated custodian. The technology exists. The reluctance is commercial, not technical.

About the author
Prof. James Okonkwo

Researches market microstructure and digital asset infrastructure. Author of Synthetic Money (2024).

DisclosureThe views expressed are the author's own and do not represent Nova RealFi or Nova Observatory. Op-eds are signed, sourced and edited for clarity only — not for stance.