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Standards · Sources

Where our numbers come from.

Every claim Nova publishes traces to a primary record. When we estimate, we publish our method.

Multilateral
  • World Bank
  • KNOMAD
  • IMF
  • BIS
  • OECD
  • IOM
  • IFAD
  • UN DESA
  • UNCDF
  • JRC European Commission
  • IADB
Central banks
  • ECB
  • Federal Reserve
  • BCEAO
  • BEAC
  • Bank of Ghana
  • Central Bank of Nigeria
  • Bank Al-Maghrib
  • BCRA (Argentina)
  • Banque du Liban
  • BSP (Philippines)
  • TCMB (Turkey)
Securities regulators
  • ESMA
  • AMF
  • CSSF
  • BaFin
  • FCA
  • CONSOB
  • CMVM
  • CMF
  • SEC
Specialised
  • Chainalysis
  • TRM Labs
  • Artemis Analytics
  • CoinLaw
  • DeFiLlama
  • ASPIM
  • IEIF
  • MSCI
  • Knight Frank
  • JLL
  • CBRE
  • PwC Global Crypto Regulation Report
Academic
  • ODI
  • CGD
  • MIDEQ
  • CER
  • Brookings
  • NBER
  • CEPR
Nova primary
  • Cross-Border Capital Index
  • Nova Editorial Board commissioned surveys
  • Nova primary corridor research

Sources outside this whitelist are admissible only when cited as primary documentation — official registries, national statistics, government gazettes.

Nova RealFi

The structure behind the publication.

A Luxembourg RAIF and a French SAS, depositary at Swissquote, independent AIFM. Documents on request.

Architecture
Structure

Two-entity design, depositary, AIFM, governance.

8% USDC
For LPs

Ticket, conditions, memorandum.

10.15% effective
For borrowers

Process, KYC, corridors.

Nova France SAS · Nova Luxembourg RAIF · Editorial independence formalised.